Charles t



0.T.P0RTER4 MACHINE FOR DRESSING STONE.

No 11 492 Patented Aug. 8, 1854.

m: 510m mm 00 Pkemmsn. wnsmnomn. 04 c,

CHARLES T; Poems, on NEwYoRK, N. Y. in

sronn-nnnssme MAcHrivn.

' spe'cifibaeibn of Letters Patent 1%. 11,492, dated Augh'si s, 1854.

" ToaZZ whomz't may concern:

Be it known that I, 1 CI-IARLEsT. PGRTER; of the cityfcounty and State, of New York, have i invented certain new and useful I-Improvements in Machinery for Dressing Stone; and I do hereby; declare thatthe fol @lowing is a fullyclear, and exact, description 1 of the isame referencebeingl had'to the ac-j companying drawings, formingwpartofthis l specification; inw which i Flgure 1, is alongitudinal SGCUOIUOIE ama-l chine, constructed according to-my invention. Fig.2, is a section ofiithe rest and partaof the hammer, with iatside view-ofi the tool i [which :the hammer and toolstock work;

stock. Fig; 3,is=a top view ofthe frame-Yin Fig. 4:, is an inside view of partwof one; of

wthe SldGSOf theaforesaidframe,showing the a-wmannerin which? the tongues-enthe*tool= 25, i 1 *March 14th, T1854, 1 consisting of a cutting :toolw and hammer workingflin adjustable ways, and arrest by which the depth of cut stock fit the "grooves in the frame, Similar letters of ireference indicate cor responding parts in the several figures. The machinery to which my improvements relate, is in itsilgeneral: character, similar to the machine of" E. x G. Hastings, vpatented s is regulated. 'iIn Hastings machine, the

and the maintenance :of the proper relation adjustment of the-ways at difi'erent angles,

--rbetweenithe rest, theihammerand toolstockl latiall anglesu is provided for by makingthe rest of cylindrical form, and the tool stocki wi'tha concavity fitting to thesaid cylinder,

andpivoting theways to the rest, thelatteri being fixed, so i far as the adjustment ofthe ways, at variousangles, is considered. Thei cylindrical form of the tool stock in that machine :is a necessary condition, but-this tform is-productive1of no advantage any further than allowing the adjustment ofthe ways, while it adds considerable expense to the machine, in consequence of 1 the necessity, of turning 1 the rest true, i and turning-out, the concavity in i the stock. Another dis-i advantage; is, that the absence; of a perfectly rigid connection: between the ways and rest,

is 1 found to cause} a :'racki-ng of: allthe adju'stable; portion 7 of thewmachine during its operation. 1

The object; ofwthe firstipart of my invention is to obtain all the desirable results that are obtained by Hastings arrangement, and at the same: timeoto reduceithe cost of the machine;byobviating-the necessity of aeye stock, and to prevent the rackingof-the ad-' lindrical-turned rest and corresponding tool justableportijon, and to this end the nature of thispart of my invention consists in attaching the ways rigidly to the rest, so as ,to-forrnajframe, and furnishingthe frame composed ofithe rest and the ways with jour- ,nals which-"fit to suitable boxes in the main framing, of? the machine, and serve as pivots upon whichwthe rest and *ways'swing t0- ,gether soaas to allow of their adjustment: to direct the motibnofthehainmer in a line, at

anydesired angle, to the facetobe cut; this construction allows the gcontinuous faces of 3 the rest: and tool stock toibe madeiflat, which I consider preferable, as it gives the best hearing, or of any form that may be desired.

The objectqof thesecond part of my invention is to cause the edge of the tooli to be driven by the blow of the hammer, not

in the 1 direction of the saidflblow,-but in a line or plane parallel, or nearly so, with the surface intended to be produced, and thereby to -giveFa highfdegree of smoothness to the said surface, and to cause the tool tosharpen itself by its own operation. The nature of this part of myinvention consists in so fitting the tool stock to the ways or their equivalents, or so arranging the same relatively to the hammer that it is capable of a swinging motion, as well as an upward motion, like that given 1to the hammer, forthe purpose of allowing its edge, resting on the surface ofthe stone, to be carried backward by, the feedi motion.

The blow of the hammertaking; place after this backward motion of the tool, in drivingqthe tool stock hometto its rest, takes effect in; such a, way-as to drive the edge-of the tool forward, instead of into;the stone,

and thus, produce thewdesired results.

:T 0 enable those skilled in theiart to make and use my invent-ion,lwilhproceed to describe its constmicti-om iand operation.

, WA, is the bedof the ,machine, furnished with suitable ways to receive and allow, of

, the horizontal movement of the: carriage B,

tupon which the; stone isj pla ced, and: sup- -porting two standards ;;C, C, which} span it outside: the :carriage, The standards-have both uprightwsides, in whichare upright pgrooves, the grooves 0, 10, in the; former -beingto receive two ournal boxes 1a, a,

iwhi'ch are-suspended from the upperjpart of "the standard, so was to, -be capable of being raised *anddowered, each by, a; screw -D,

,turning, by nuts Z, on the screws; this arrangement being cheaper and more durable, as well as affording greater solidity than any other known to me, but I do not design to limit myself to the mode of construction.

G, G, H, is a quadrangular frame of cast iron, Whose sides G, G, have straight parallel grooves, g, g, to form the ways to receive the hammer J, and tool stock K, the

front end of which constitutes the rest which regulates the depth of cut. The face h, of the rest, is a plane surface perpendicular to the direction of the grooves, and at the ends of the rest are journals I, I, which fit the boxes, as, a, before described, as suspended by the screws, D, within the grooves in the sides of the standard 0. The frame is supported near its back end by the cross piece E. The hammer J, fits to the ways G, G, in the same manner as in Hastings machine, and issimilarly operated. The tool stock K, differs only from Hastings in having its front d, and back 6, parallel, so as to be capable of fitting, the former, to the face it, of the rest, and the latter, to the face of'the hammer, and in having the tongues 70, on its sides or ends taper so that only their back parts fit the grooves g, as shown in Fig. 4, their front parts being narrow enough to admit of a considerable swinging motion of the edge of the tool f. The upper sides of the tongue fit close up to the top of the groove 9, when the too-l stock is driven home to the rest, leaving all the space between the tongue and groove on the lower side, which will be understood by referring either to Figs. v2, or 4.

In carrying out the first part of my invention, the tool stock may be either attached to, or detached from, the hammer, as in Hastings machine, and the machine operates on the stone in precisely the same manner; but it is obvious, that, in carrying out the second part of my invention, the operation of the tool can only be efiected when detached from the hammer. That operation I will now proceed to'describe. The tool stock, after the blow of the hammer, and the commencement of the return movement of the same, remains in contact with the rest, as shown in black outline in Fig. 2, until the feed commences and carries the stone backward, when the point of the tool being in cont-act with the extreme end of the dressed surface of the stone, is carried back with the stone, as illustrated in Fig. 2, where the red outlines show the position of the tool and stock at the termination of the feed, the distance of which is somewhat exaggerated to show the operation more clearly. When the hammer descends to strike the blow, it comes first into contact with the lower part 5, of the back, 6, of the tool stock,

and the tool stock and tool may then be considered as a lever of the first order with the point 6, at the lower corner of the back side of the tongues for a fulcrum the point of the tool as the point of weight or resistance, and the power, namely, viz :the

blow of the hammer, applied at the point may be directly in the line of the surface 1 intended to be produced. This has been proved, by the practical operation of the machine, to be the case, as a surface has been produced on the stone in which anything like ridges or furrows in the direction of the line of the edge of the tool, was scarcely perceptible. I

The tool employed in, this machine, may have a straight or curved edge.

The swinging motion of the tool stock,"

to enable the point of the tool to move back with the feed, and forward when struck by the hammer, maybe employed with equal success, whether the rest and tool stock have fiat and parallel contiguous faces, and the rest is rigidly attached to the ways, as described, or a cylindrical rest and concave faced tool stock, arranged as in Hastings machine, be employed.

Instead of making the tool stock with a taper tongue, it may be furnished on either side with astud, carrying a friction roller, fitting easily in the groove 9, in the ways G, G, which will admit of the same movement of the edge of the tool; or the same result may be obtained by furnishing it with studs fitting to the grooves Without friction rollers, or by dispensing altogether with tongues or guides at the ends of the stock, and supportlng it by a roller attached to the ways underneath, or behind it,

The conditions to be observed in carrying out the invention, are, that the tool stock shall be capable of vibrating, so as to allow A the tool to move back when the feed takes place, and of being driven by the hammer, in the direction of the line of the desired surface.

Having thus fully described my invention, I will now state what I claim as my-invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent.

I do not claim the employment of a rest, in combination with a hammer and tool stock, working in ways attached thereto; nor do I confine myself to any particular form of rest, but

I claim i 1. The employment of a rest H, having its face parallel with the contiguous face of the tool stock, when the said rest is rigidly attached to the ways, G, G, in which the hammer and tool stockwork, or forms part of the same frame therewith, and when the frame thus formed is provided with, and

swings from journals a, a, which fit in journal boxes, suspended or supported in a suitable manner in the main framing of the machine, so that the ways may be adjusted at difierent angles to the surface desired to be cut on the stone without changing the relation of the hammer, the tool, and the rest.

2. Constructingthe tool stock and arranging it relatively to the rest and the hammer, so that it is capable of vibrating, sub

stantially as described, to allow the tool,

resting upon the surface of the stone, to be carried back by the feed motion, and to 1 cause it to be driven by the blow of the hammer, not in the line of the direction of the blow, but forward in, or nearly in the line or plane of the surface desired to be produced, as herein fully set forth.

CHARLES T, PORTER.

Witnesses! O. D. MUNN, J. W. HAMILTON. 

